There are two the most commonly used Encoding Types for XML documents: 1.

UTF-8

- 8-bits are used to represent a character 2.

UTF-16

- 16-bits are used to represent a character ...

UTF

stands for

UCS Transformation Format

, and UCS itself means

Universal Character Set

... XML document example that has

UTF-8

encoding

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<student>
    <first-name>George</first-name>
    <phone.mobile>(011) 123-4567</phone.mobile>
</student>

Note: If an XML document has not specified encoding, the default is

UTF-8