Rounds the passed value using standard Math rules. The first argument

2.3

will be rounded to 2 and the second

2.5

becomes 3

SELECT
    ROUND(2.3),
    ROUND(2.5)

php artisan make:component ComponentName

creates

ComponentName.blade.php

inside

resources/view/components

and controller

ComponentName.php

inside

App\View\Component

directory you can render component by

x-

syntax

<x-component-name />

pass variables to components use

var-name=

for normal strings and use

:var-name=

for variables

<x-component-name var-name="normal string" :var-name2="$some_variable"/>

make sure to use

kebab-case

as html attribute names and

camelCase

inside constructor argument and inside component controller file

ComponentName.php

namespace App\View\Components;
use Illuminate\View\Component;

class ComponentName extends Component
{
    public $varName1;
    public $varName2; 

    public function __construct($varName1, $varName2)
    {
        $this->varName1 = $varName1;
        $this->varName2 = $varName2;
    }

    public function customFunction($last)
    {
        return [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, $last]; // or data from db for example
    }

    /**
     * Get the view / contents that represent the component.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\View\View|\Closure|string
     */
    public function render()
    {
        return view('components.component_name');
    }
}

inside

ComponentName.blade.php

we can retrieve these variables like so

<div class="component-class">
    <div>{{$varName1}}</div>
    <div>{{$varName2}}</div>
    @foreach($customFunction('last line') as $line)
      <h1>{{$line}}</h1>
    @endforeach
</div>

Note: If the function parameter is not surrounded by

quotation marks

, then the parameter is going to be interpreted as a column value. Converts a string or column value to

UPPER-CASE

SELECT 
    UPPER(first_name), 
    UPPER('Converts a string or column value to UPPER-CASE') 
FROM students

Converts a string or column value to

lower-case

SELECT 
    LOWER(first_name), 
    LOWER('Converts a string or column value to lower-case') 
FROM students

Joins strings and columns together

SELECT 
    CONCAT(first_name, ' ', 'joins', ' ', 'strings', ' ', 'and', ' ', 'columns') 
FROM students

The function

LENGTH

Returns the length (in bytes)

SELECT 
    id, 
    first_name,
    LENGTH(first_name) first_name_length 
FROM students

Note: Each Georgian letter takes

three bytes

The function is similar to

CONCAT

where

WS

means - With Separator. The first parameter is the separator between each one of the additional fields, that we pass as next parameters

SELECT 
    CONCAT_WS(' - ', first_name, 'joins', 'strings', 'and', 'columns', 'with', 'separator') 
FROM students

The function

TRIM

removes leading and trailing spaces

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(TRIM(' text ')) length_with_trim

The function

RTRIM

removes trailing spaces (removes spaces from the end)

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(RTRIM(' text ')) length_with_right_trim

The function

LTRIM

remove leading spaces (removes spaces from the beginning)

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(LTRIM(' text ')) length_with_left_trim

The function

LEFT

returns leftmost characters. In this case 5 characters because we pass 5 as second parameter

SELECT 
    LEFT(first_name, 5) AS 'five leftmost characters'
FROM students

The function

RPAD

appends string (third parameter) the specified number of times (second parameter) to the first parameter. In this example each one of the student's last name that is less than 10 characters long, is filled with

-

SELECT 
    RPAD(first_name, 10, '-') AS 'student name'
FROM students

Complete list of string functions on the official documentation: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/string-functions.html

Function

ROUND

rounds the passed value using standard Math rules. The first argument

2.3

will be rounded to 2 and the second

2.5

becomes 3

SELECT
    ROUND(2.3),
    ROUND(2.5)

Function

FLOOR

rounds the argument down to the greater integer less then the decimal argument. Both of the arguments will be rounded down to

2

SELECT
    FLOOR(2.3),
    FLOOR(2.8)

Function

CEIL

rounds the number up to the lowest integer value greater than the passed decimal argument. Both of the arguments will be rounded to

3

SELECT
    CEIL(2.3),
    CEIL(2.8)

Function

RADIANS

converts degrees to radians.

90

degrees converted to radians gives us half of

PI

:

1.5707963267948966

.

180

degrees converted to radians gives us

PI

:

3.141592653589793

.

SELECT
    RADIANS(90),
    RADIANS(180)

Function

DEGREES

converts radians back to degrees. Half of

PI

radians

1.5707963267948966

converted to degrees gives us

90

degrees.

PI

:

3.141592653589793

radians converted to degrees gives us

180

degrees.

SELECT
    DEGREES(1.5707963267948966),
    DEGREES(3.141592653589793)

These two functions

RADIANS

and

DEGREES

are opposite to each other.

180

degrees converted to radians gives us

PI

:

3.141592653589793

PI

:

3.141592653589793

radians converted to degrees gives us

180

degrees.

SELECT
    RADIANS(180),
    DEGREES(3.141592653589793)

Function

POWER

raises the first argument to the power of another argument. The code below returns

16

because

2

to the power of

4

is

16

SELECT 
    POWER(2, 4)

Note:

POW

and

POWER

are the aliases for the same command The function

CONV

converts the first argument from one number system (the second argument) to another (the third argument) Converts

5

from

10

base system to

2

SELECT
    CONV(5, 10, 2)

Complete list of mathematical functions on the official documentation: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mathematical-functions.html

REPLACE

statement updates the listed columns if primary key (one of the listed columns) already exists. Otherwise inserts as a new record

REPLACE INTO students (id, first_name, points)
VALUES (41, 'ილიკო', 147)

Similar to the

REPLACE INTO

statement is

ON DUPLICATE KEY

. The only difference is that on duplicate key it updates only the listed columns but omitted values stays the same

INSERT INTO students (id, first_name, points) 
VALUES (41, 'გიორგი', 149) 

ON DUPLICATE KEY 

UPDATE first_name = 'გიორგი', points = 123

Note 1

: If primary key is not listed, it will insert the record, but if the primary key is one of the listed columns, it will update the specified row that matches the primary key.

Note 2

: If the primary key exists, all the other omitted columns will get the default values after updating the record.

The function

RPAD

appends string (third parameter) the specified number of times (second parameter) to the first parameter. In this example each one of the student's last name that is less than 10 characters long, is filled with

-

SELECT 
    RPAD(first_name, 10, '-') AS 'student name'
FROM students

The function

LEFT

returns leftmost characters. In this case 5 characters because we pass 5 as second parameter

SELECT 
    LEFT(first_name, 5) AS 'five leftmost characters'
FROM students

The function

LTRIM

remove leading spaces (removes spaces from the beginning)

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(LTRIM(' text ')) length_with_left_trim

The function

RTRIM

removes trailing spaces (removes spaces from the end)

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(RTRIM(' text ')) length_with_right_trim

The function

TRIM

removes leading and trailing spaces

SELECT 
    LENGTH(' text ') length,
    LENGTH(TRIM(' text ')) length_with_trim