author_id
to the table note
after title
columnALTER TABLE note
ADD COLUMN author_id int not null default 0 AFTER title;
VARCHAR(200)
ALTER TABLE note
MODIFY COLUMN title VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL;
name
to title
ALTER TABLE note CHANGE name title VARCHAR(210)
title
from table note
ALTER TABLE note
DROP COLUMN title;
COLUMN
is optional.
The following query is alternative to the first one:ALTER TABLE note
DROP title;
ALTER TABLE note
CHANGE COLUMN title title VARCHAR(210) AFTER author_id
Another way to do the same thing is to use MODIFY
instead of CHANGE
ALTER TABLE note
MODIFY COLUMN title VARCHAR(210) AFTER description
გოგია
გაგუა
გოგუა
SELECT *
FROM students
WHERE last_name IN ('გოგია', 'გაგუა', 'გოგუა')
Filtering the result using IN
with sub-query:SELECT
*
FROM
students
WHERE
last_name IN(
SELECT
last_name
FROM
students
WHERE
id <= 5
)
Alternative of the query using =
operator:SELECT *
FROM students
WHERE last_name = 'გოგია'
OR last_name = 'გაგუა'
OR last_name = 'გოგუა'
FOREIGN KEY
constraint protects data integrity.
Let's create students
and note
tablesUSE university;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS students;
CREATE TABLE students (
id int AUTO_INCREMENT,
first_name varchar(50),
last_name varchar(50),
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);
Let's add FOREIGN KEY
called fk_student_note
to the notes
tableDROP TABLE IF EXISTS notes;
CREATE TABLE notes (
id int AUTO_INCREMENT,
student_id int,
title varchar(50),
description varchar(50),
PRIMARY KEY(id),
INDEX(student_id),
CONSTRAINT fk_student_note
FOREIGN KEY (student_id)
REFERENCES students(id)
ON UPDATE CASCADE
ON DELETE RESTRICT
);